The space is cold. Really cold. It will freeze your eyeballs off
and suck them into oblivion. But do you know why? It's because of light! When light
passes through a vacuum, it actually loses energy by emitting infrared photons
in all directions. This is why you often see stars twinkle and planets appear
to shimmer when viewed from our Earthly vantage point; both are manifestations
of starlight being scattered as it passes through our atmosphere. The space
around us is also filled with cosmic dust — small particles of rock and
minerals — that reflect some of that starlight back to our eyes!
The
coldest temperature ever recorded in our solar system was on February 27, 2010,
when Voyager 1 flew by Neptune. The spacecraft was only 471 million kilometers
from the planet at that time. In terms of frigid-cold, this is equivalent to
crossing the Atlantic Ocean from Spain to France.
How cold
is it in outer space?
The
temperature of outer space is very cold, but not as cold as you might think. It
depends on what altitude you are at and how far away you are from the Sun.
The
temperature of outer space is around -270 degrees Fahrenheit (-195 degrees
Celsius). This is because there is no atmosphere to heat up things up, so they
stay at their original temperature. The Sun's rays also don't warm things up
much, either.
If you
were to take a thermometer into space, it would read -270 degrees F (-195 C).
This may seem extremely cold to us here on Earth, but for us humans it is
actually pretty mild!
The
temperature of the planets in space:
The
temperature of the planets in space depends on their distance from the sun. The
Earth, being closer, is hotter than Venus and Mars and cooler than Mercury.
Mercury
is so close to the sun that it is boiling hot and its surface temperature is
480 degrees Fahrenheit (250 degrees Celsius).
Venus has
a scorching atmosphere with a surface temperature of 860 degrees Fahrenheit
(460 degrees Celsius), making it the hottest planet in our solar system.
Mars has
an atmosphere but no landmass, so it's very cold there. It gets down as low as
-148 degrees Fahrenheit (-89 degrees Celsius).
The
average temperatures at different orbits around the sun:
Mercury:
-208°C (-321°F)
Venus:
-117°C (-188°F)
Earth:
-18°C (0°F)
Mars:
-63°C (145°F)
Jupiter:
-167°C (320°F)
Saturn:
-177°C (359°F)
Uranus:
-268°C (520°F)
What's
the coldest temperature in space?
The
coldest temperature ever measured in space was -273.15 degrees Celsius. This
was measured by an American team of scientists using a satellite called COBE
(Cosmic Background Explorer). The satellite launched in 1989 and became active
in 1992, measuring the microwave background radiation from the big bang.
The COBE
satellite detected a temperature of about -270 degrees Celsius, which is cooler
than any place on Earth. It also showed that the universe had a very uniform
temperature of about 3 Kelvin when it was young, only 380,000 years old.
How do
astronauts survive the cold in space?
How do
astronauts survive the cold in space?
The first
thing to know is that astronauts experience lower temperatures on the Moon than
they do on Earth. This is because, on the moon, there is no air pressure to
insulate them from the cold. The moon's surface temperature can range from
minus 100 degrees Celsius (minus 148 degrees Fahrenheit) during lunar night to
up to plus 50 degrees Celsius (plus 122 degrees Fahrenheit) during lunar day.
The
second thing to know is that a spacesuit will keep an astronaut warm even if
the temperature outside is extremely cold. A spacesuit has insulation layers
that trap heat and block out any wind flowing in from outside. Plus, spacesuits
are designed with a layer of reflective fabric called an ablative heat shield
between its outer covering and its inner lining. This reflective layer reflects
infrared radiation back into outer space, which helps keep astronauts warm
inside their suits even when it's cold outside.
NASA
astronauts on the International Space Station are protected against the cold of
orbit by their spacesuits. These suits are made of a lightweight plastic and
thermal insulation, with layers of cloth to provide better air circulation.
They are designed to be worn for long periods of time in low humidity, so they
can keep you comfortable even in extreme conditions.
Conclusion:
There's
one more thing you should know about temperature and space travel. The farther
out you go, the colder it gets. In fact, at a distance of 100,000 miles from
Earth, a trip to the Moon feels like an icy -300 degrees Fahrenheit—and it
keeps getting colder from there. Only a handful of human beings have been that
far out. And for those few astronauts and cosmonauts who have ventured beyond
our earthly borders, a phenomenon called radiation poses an even greater threat
than frostbite.
As it
turns out, space is pretty frigid. So frigid, in fact, that if you were to take
your body out there without a spacesuit on, you would freeze to death. No
exceptions. This was evidently not considered during the filming of the
original Alien movie.
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